Habka dhamaystirka ee tuubooyinka birta waa geeddi-socod lama huraan ah oo muhiim ah si loo baabi'iyo cilladaha ku jira tuubooyinka birta, sii wanaajinta tayada tuubooyinka birta, iyo daboolida baahida isticmaalka gaarka ah ee alaabta. chamfering, cabbirka), kormeerka iyo kormeerka (oo ay ku jiraan kormeerka tayada dusha, kormeerka cabbirka joomatari, kormeerka aan burburin iyo tijaabinta haydarooliga, iwm.), Shiidi, cabbirka dhererka, miisaamidda, rinjiyeynta, daabacaadda iyo hababka baakadaha. Qaar ka mid ah tuubooyinka birta ee ujeedooyinka gaarka ah sidoo kale waxay u baahan yihiin qarxinta toogashada dusha sare, farsamaynta farsamada, daaweynta ka hortagga daxalka, iwm.
(I) Cilladaha toosinta birta iyo ka hortagga
⒈ Ujeedada toosinta dhuumaha birta:
① Ciribtirka foorarsiga (toosin la'aanta) ee ay soo saarto tuubada birta inta lagu jiro duubista, gaadiidka, daaweynta kulaylka iyo hababka qaboojinta
② Iska yaree ovality ee tuubooyinka birta
⒉ Cilladaha tayada leh ee ay keento birta birta inta lagu jiro habka toosinta: la xidhiidha qaabka mashiinka toosan, qaabka daloolka, hagaajinta daloolka iyo sifooyinka birta birta.
⒊ Cilladaha tayada leh ee toosinta tuubooyinka birta: tuubooyinka birta ah lama toosin (laabashada dhamaadka tuubada), dillaacsan, labajibbaaran, dildilaac, xagashada dusha sare iyo jeexjeexyada, iwm.
(ii) Tuubooyinka birta wax lagu shiidi karo iyo cilladaha goynta iyo ka hortagga
⒈ Ujeedada shiida cilladaha dusha sare ee tuubooyinka birta: si loo baabi'iyo cilladaha dusha sare ee loo oggol yahay inay jiraan heerarka tuubooyinka birta laakiin waa inay ahaataa nadiif si loo hagaajiyo tayada dusha tuubooyinka birta.
2. Cilada ka dhalata shiidida dusha sare ee tuubooyinka birta: Sababta ugu weyn ayaa ah in qoto-dheeraanta iyo qaabka dhibcaha wax lagu shiido ka dib ay ka badan yihiin shuruudaha lagu qeexay heerka, taasoo keenaysa dhexroorka dibadda iyo dhumucda gidaarka ee tuubada birta inay ka badato leexashada taban. ama ay leeyihiin qaab aan caadi ahayn.
⒊ Shiididda dhuunta birta ah waa in ay guud ahaan buuxisaa shuruudaha soo socda:
① Ka dib markii cilladaha dusha sare ee birta birta la hagaajiyo, dhumucda derbiga ee goobta la dayactiray ma noqon karto wax ka yar leexashada taban ee dhumucda derbiga magaca ah ee tuubada birta, iyo dhexroorka dibadda ee aagga la dayactiray waa inuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha dhexroorka dibadda ee tuubada birta.
②Ka dib markii dusha sare ee tuubada birta la dhigo, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la ilaaliyo dusha sare ee birta birta sida dusha qaloocsan oo siman (arc xad-dhaaf ah). Qoto-shiidka: ballac: dhererka = 1:6:8
③ Marka la shiidiyo tuubada birta guud ahaan, waa in aanay jirin wax gubasho ah ama calaamado geeso badan oo muuqda oo ku yaal dusha tuubada birta.
④ Meelaha wax lagu shiido dusha ee tuubada birta waa in aanay dhaafin tirada lagu sheegay heerka.
⒋ Cilladaha ugu waaweyn ee ay sababto goynta tuubooyinka birta waxaa ka mid ah: wejiga ugu dambeeya ee tuubada birta maaha mid toosan, waxaa jira burs iyo wareegyo, xagasha birta ahna waa khalad, iwm.
⒌ Hagaajinta toosnaanta birta birta iyo yaraynta ovality ee tuubada birta ayaa ah shuruudo lagu hubinayo tayada goynta tuubada birta. Tuubooyinka birta ah ee leh maadada alwaaxa sare leh, goynta ololka waa in laga fogaadaa inta ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah si loo yareeyo dhacdooyinka dildilaaca dhamaadka tuubooyinka.
(iii) ciladaha habaynta dusha tuubooyinka birta iyo ka hortagga
⒈ Habaynta dusha tuubada birta inta badan waxaa ka mid ah: toogashada dusha sare, shiidid guud ahaan dusha sare iyo farsamaynta farsamada.
⒉ Ujeedada: Si loo sii wanaajiyo tayada dusha sare iyo saxnaanta cabbirka ee tuubooyinka birta.
⒊ Aaladaha lagu shiido guud ahaan dusha sare ee tuubooyinka birta inta badan waxaa ka mid ah: suumanka xoqan, taayirada shiidada iyo qalabka mashiinka wax lagu shiido. Ka dib marka la shiido guud ahaan dusha birta birta, miisaanka oksaydhka ee dusha sare ee birta birta ayaa si buuxda loo tirtiri karaa, dhammaadka dusha sare ee tuubada birta ayaa la hagaajin karaa, dusha sare ee tuubada birta ayaa sidoo kale laga saari karaa. Cilladaha yaryar qaarkood sida dildilaaca yaryar, xadhkaha timaha, godadka, xagashada, iwm.
① Isticmaal suunka xoqan ama giraangiraha wax lagu shiido si aad gabi ahaanba u shiiddo oogada birta. Cilladaha tayada ugu muhiimsan ee ka dhalan kara waxaa ka mid ah: maqaarka madow ee dusha sare ee tuubada birta, dhumucda darbiga xad dhaafka ah, sagxadaha fidsan (polygons), godad, gubasho iyo calaamado xidhmo, iwm.
② Maqaarka madow ee dusha sare ee tuubada birta waxaa sababa xadiga shiida oo aad u yar ama godadka dusha sare ee tuubada birta. Kordhinta qadarka shiidadu waxay baabi'in kartaa maqaarka madow ee dusha tuubada birta.
③ Dhumucda gidaarka birta ayaa ka baxsan dulqaad sababtoo ah leexashada taban ee dhumucda gidaarka tuubada birta lafteeda ayaa aad u weyn ama qadarka wax lagu shiidi karo ayaa aad u weyn.
④ Gubashada dusha sare ee tuubada birta waxaa inta badan sababa cadaadiska xad dhaafka ah ee xiriirka ka dhexeeya giraangiraha wax lagu shiidayo iyo dusha tuubada birta, qadarka tuubada birta ee hal shiidi, iyo giraangiraha la isticmaalo waa mid aad u qallafsan.
⑤ Iska yaree xadiga tuubada birta wax shiida hal mar. U isticmaal shaagag wax lagu shiido aan dhab ahayn si aad u shiido tuubada birta oo qallafsan, Tani kaliya kama hortagi karto gubashada dusha sare ee tuubada birta, laakiin sidoo kale waxay yareyn kartaa calaamadaha xirashada ee laga soo saaro dusha sare ee tuubada birta.
⒋ Toogasho toogta oogada birta ah
① Birta birta toogashada oogada sare waa in lagu buufiyo toogashada birta ama xabbad ciid quartz ah oo cabbir gaar ah dusha tuubada birta ku socota xawaare sare si loo garaaco miisaanka dushiisa si loo hagaajiyo simanaanta dusha tuubada birta.
②Baaxadda iyo adkaanta tallaalka ciidda iyo xawaaraha duritaanka ayaa ah arrimo muhiim ah oo saameeya tayada toogashada dusha sare ee tuubada birta.
⒌ Mashiinka dusha sare ee tuubooyinka birta
①Qaar ka mid ah tuubooyinka birta ee leh shuruudaha tayada sare ee gudaha iyo dibadda waxay u baahan yihiin farsamayn farsamo.
② Saxnaanta cabbirka, tayada dusha sare iyo qallooca tuubooyinka mishiinada ayaa ah kuwo aan u dhigmin tuubooyinka-lulaadda.
Marka la soo koobo, habka dhamaystirka ayaa ah mid aan laga maarmi karin oo aad muhiim u ah si loo hubiyo tayada tuubooyinka birta. Xoojinta doorka habka dhamaystirka ayaa shaki la'aan ka caawin doona in la sii wanaajiyo tayada tuubooyinka birta.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-01-2024